This research conducted an economic analysis of competitiveness indicators within the Jordanian potash industry from 1990 to 2022. Utilizing ARDL, FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR econometric methods, the study aimed to assess volume efficiency, operational efficiency, and allocative efficiency along with their determinants. Findings indicated decreasing returns to scale in the Jordanian potash industry. The ARDL model revealed a long-term equilibrium relationship between operational efficiency and its determinants. Moreover, a direct association between exports and profits was observed, along with an inverse relationship between profits and both costs and production volume. Lastly, Granger causality analysis indicated a unidirectional causal relationship from profits to production.